Introduction to C++ Classes and Objects: Defining a Simple Class

This article introduces the basics of C++ classes and objects: a class is an abstraction of a type of thing, containing attributes (member variables) and behaviors (member functions); an object is an instance of a class, defined using the 'class' keyword. A class definition includes private (private members, accessible only within the class) and public (public members, callable externally) members, and must end with a semicolon. Taking the "Student" class as an example: Define the Student class with private members 'name' (name) and 'id' (student ID), and public member functions 'setName/getName', 'setId', 'introduce', and 'study' to achieve data encapsulation. Create an object 'stu1', call 'setName' and 'setId' to set information, then display behaviors through 'introduce' and 'study', and output self-introduction and study content during runtime. Core knowledge points: class definition syntax, object creation, indirect member access (manipulating private variables through set/get functions), and encapsulation ideology. Future extensions can include concepts like inheritance.